Corona virus (covid-19) | New strain of corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) | Symptoms of corona virus (Covid-19) | Precaution of Covid-19 | How corona virus spread | Test for Covid-19 | Medicines for covid-19 | What is plasma therapy? How plasma therapy help to recover the covid patients

HomeWhat is plasma therapy? Corona virus (covid-19) | New strain of corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) | Symptoms of corona virus (Covid-19) | Precaution of Covid-19 | How corona virus spread | Test for Covid-19 | Medicines for covid-19 | What is plasma therapy? How plasma therapy help to recover the covid patients

The corona come from the word covid. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for Corona virus effect both human and animal. The genome size of corona virus, and ‘D’ for disease. Covid-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus. Both the virus is one of the largest among RNA viruses, because it size ranges from 26–32 kilo bases (approx) virus and disease were unknown before the outbreak began in wuhan, china, in december 2019. Corona virus is a large family of viruses that cause common cold, (SARS) severe acute respiratory syndrome and (MARS) middle east respiratory syndrome. It can affect your upper respiratory tract like nose, sinuses, throat, windpipe and lungs.

New strain of corona virus (SARS-CoV-2)

Old corona virus updated into new corona virus which is know as corona new mutant (SARS-CoV-2). The new strain of corona virus is upgrade in two form the name of two mutants are E484Q or L452R in which L452R is very dangerous. New strain of SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found in UK. However, the variant is not new. Due to mutation the Covid-19 convert into novel corona virus. corona virus mutate all the time. So it is not unexpected that new variants of SARS-CoV-2 are emerging. In november, around a quarter of cases in london were from the new variant.

According to experts, the new strain is 70% more infectious than the other strains of the virus. the latest variant as it rapidly replacing other version of the virus and according to experts, this would results in its spread more easily.

Symptoms of corona virus (Covid-19)

The following symptoms may appear 2–14 days after exposure. These symptoms are usually mild and begin gradually

• Observe good personal hygiene
• Practice frequent hand washing with soap.
• Follow respiratory etiquettes — cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
• Avoid close contact with the people who are unwell or showing symptoms of illness, such as cough, runny nose etc.
• Avoid contact with live animals and consumption of raw/under cooked meats.
• Avoid travel to farms, live animal markets or where animal are slaughtered.
• Wear a mask if you have respiratory symptoms such as cough or runny nose.
• Clean your hands often. Use soap and water, or an alcohol-based hand rub.
• Stay home if you feel unwell.
• Use separate dishes, glasses, cups, and eating utensils and not share these with other household members. After use, wash your hand with soap with very hot water.
• Do not allow visitors into your home. This include adults, friends, animals.
• Restrict your travel.
• Avoid large gatherings.
• Get vaccinated as soon as you are eligible.
• Drink boiled water and avoid taking cold water.
• Clean the surface that are touched frequently like the switches, remote, doorknobs, etc. should be regularly cleaned with a surface disinfectant.
• Ensuring proper nutrition through balanced diet, maintaining hydration with plenty of fluids, boosting immunity through fresh fruit juices, herbal drinks and turmeric in milk.

CBC:- (Complete blood count)It help to determine your general health status In which your platelets count decrease then it show the presence of corona.

CRP:- (C-Reactive protein) test mainly done in infective cases. In case of corona your CRP is reactive and more then 6 then you are infected.

S.G.P.T:- (Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase) liver function activity that mainly liver function test whose range is below 40. In corona it also increases greater that 40.

RT-PCR:- (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) Common test which show the presence of corona antigen in your saliva sample or nasal conchae but it is only specific tool which only show the presence or absence of antigen but not show the sevirity rate of corona and also not show the progressive consequences (fibrosis patches injury) of corona.

WIDAL TEST:- Fever and typhoid is common

CT THORAX:- It is not a specific tool for finding of corona in your lungs but it is a progressive report which show on which level at present time corona damage your lungs or cause lungs injury that is fibrosis.

~Finding in CT thorax report:-

• In CT report of corona patient the impression.
• Non traumatic lungs injury.
• Initial days:- ground glossy opaque

~Last- effusion (pericardial or pleural)

If you have fibrosis more than 70% then its cause acute injury in which patient mostly

~X-RAY :- The x-ray of chest is also finding of patches formed in chest during corona infection:-

In current there is not any fixed medicine which found helpful in treatment of corona virus. But here are some medicine which are used in treatment of corona virus prescribed by the doctor’s

~Chloroquine (Hydroxychloroquine): — are oral and anti-malarial prescription drugs that have been used for treatment of malaria and chemoprofilaxis. Hydroxychloroquine is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, systematic lupus erythematosus and porphyria cutanea tarda. Both drugs have in-vitro activity against SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine increase the endosomal pH, inhibiting fusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the host cell membrane. Both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine also have immunomodulatory effects it has been hypothesized that this effects are other potential mechanism of action for the treatment of COVID-19.

Side effects of chloroquine:- The drugs affect the heart, liver, kidney, nerve cell damaged that can lead to seizures and low sugar (hypoglycaemia)

~Dexamethasone:- this are anti-inflametry and corticosteroid drug that prevents the release of substance in the body that cause inflammation. They are readly available and inexpensive. Patient who required suplimental oxygen or ventilator and who recived dexamethasone where less likely to die within 28 days then those who recived standard care. But dexamethasone didn’t benefit in patient who did not need respiratory support. Many doctor in united states have been treating very ill COVID-19 patients with dexamethasone since the pandemic began.

Side effects of dexamethasone:- Increase appetite, irritability, difficulty sleeping (insomnia), Heart burn, muscles weakness, headaches, increased blood sugar level (person with diabetes may need to have blood sugar levels monitored more closely and possible adjustments to diabetes medications).

this antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia it is macrolide type antibiotic it work by stoping the growth of bacteria. Azithromycin alone and in combination with other medications is currently being studied for the treatment of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently azithromycin has been used with hydroxychloroquine to treat certain patients with covid-19. The medicine used only the direction of doctor for treatment of corona virus.

Side effects of azithromycin:- Nausea, vomating, diarrhea, epigastric distress headache dizziness, vertigo, itching rashes, cardiac effect (QT prolongation). Each and every molecule which have effect , it also have side effect. But it only occur to them who have sensitivity to particular molecule.

~Remdesivir:- In October 2020 the FDA approved the antiviral (investigational intravenous) drug remdesivir to treat COVID-19. Remdesivir is a drug with broad antiviral that inhibits viral replication through premature termination of RNA transcription and has In-vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 and In-vitro and In-vitro activity against related beta corona viruses. These drugs blocks RNA dependent polymerases several randomized trials are underway to evaluate the efficacy of remdesivir for moderate or severe COVID-19. This drugs may be used to treat adult and children ages 12 and older or waiting at least 88 pounds who have been hospitalized for COVID-19. Clinical trials suggest that in this patient remdesivir may modestly speed up recovery time. Some results show that remdesivir may help some patient get better sooner but it’s clinical efficacy is not well understood yet.

Side effects of remdesivir:- An infusion reaction may occur with remdesivir with symptoms such as low blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, sweating, shivering. Increased liver enzymes levels that may indicate possible liver damage.

is a prescription medication used to treat certain bacterial infection and to prevent malaria infection. This medication also known as a tetra cyclic antibiotic it works by preventing the growth and spread of bacteria and the parasite that cause malaria. Childreen younger than 8 year old should use doxycycline only in cases of sever or life-threatning conditions. This medicine can cause permanent yellowing or graying of the teeth in children. The tablet and capsules should be taken with a glass of water, with or without food. However, taking doxycycline with milk or food may decrease the amount of medication absorbed from your stomach.

Side effects of doxycycline:- Nousea, loss of epitide, inflamination of small intestine, tooth discoloration, sunlight sensitivity. You should not take doxycycline if you are allergic to any tetracyclic antibiotic.

~Favipiravir:- is an RNA Polymerase inhibitor or antivirel drug that is available in some asian countries for the treatment of influenza and is being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of COVID-19 in the United States. Favipiravir is a member of pyrazines and a primary carboxamide. Favipiravir was first used against SARS-CoV-2 in wuhan at the very epicenter of the pandemic. In india this drug first tracked by drug controller genral of india (DCGI) for treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 symptoms. The drug originally designed for influenza, called favipiravir. This drugs may be effective against this novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) which has recently garnered much attention specially in india. Favipiravir (T-705) is a synthetic prodrug. It has an excellent bioavailability (-94%), protein binding (54%) and a low volume of distribution (10–20L). It reaches Cmax within 2 hour after a single dose. Favipiravir has a short life (2.5–5hr) leading to rapid renal elimination in the hydroxylated form. Elimination is mediated by aldehyde oxidase and marginally by xanthine oxidase. Favipiravir has been investigated for the treatment of life-threatening pathogens such as Ebola virus, Lassa virus and now Covid-19.

Side effects of favipiravir:- increased liver enzymes, psychiatric symptoms, diarrhea, increased uric acid levels, decreased white blood cell count. It cannot be given to a patient with severe renal complication, hepatic impairment, pregnant and lacting women.

~Tacilizumab (actemra):- is a drug of last resort it is an lL-6 inhibitor approved for rheumatoid arthritis. Tacilizumab works by blocking the effect of lL-6. It should be used then a Covid-19 infection in a patient is worsening. They may help fight severe corona virus. Tacilizumab as recombinant huminzed anti-human IL-6 monoclonal antibodies which show benifit in covid patients. Researches show that tacilizumab help in treatment of 21 patients with covid, who prior to treatment were presented with fever and lung lesions. All patients body temperature returned to normal after receiving tacilizumab and remind stable there after. Although results are preliminary, clinical data showed that symptoms, hypoxgenmia were improved immediate after treatment with tacilizumab in most patients. Tacilizumab will work within 3–6 months if it is going to work at all some patient will feel better as early (2 weeks) after starting treatment .

Side effects of tacilizumab:- High blood pressure, sore throat, sinus infection, runny nose, abnormal liver function, increase high blood pressure, stomach discomfort, skin or eyes look yellow, hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction. In studies gastrointestinal perforation was absorbed in patients with diverticulitis.

What is plasma therapy? How plasma therapy help to recover the covid patients

Ans:- Plasma is the fluid portion of the blood, in which cellular components such as red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC) and platelets are suspended.

When a patient suffer from a disease, they develop antibodies against the virus. These antibodies float in the plasma. We can’t separate the antibodies from the plasma, hence they take the plasma and transfuse it to a COVID patient.

Will my antibody level go down if i donate plasma?

Donating blood or plasma is like drawing water from a well in small quantities. The well does not go dry. In fact, experience has shown that the more you donate, longer your antibodies stay. there are people who have donated seven-eight times.

Que:- What if you have a second infection?

With or without donation, your antibody levels will decrease over time. However, When you have a repeat infection, your body is able to respond and produce antibodies in a matter of hours.

Que:- Who will benefit from plasma transfusion?

Only patients with moderate disease are helped by plasma antibodies. plasma transfusion should ideally be done within five to seven days of onset. it cannot help critical patient on ventilators.

Que:- If i donate my plasma, my immunity level will drop?

Plasma, the liquid content of your blood that has antibodies is only collected after you have completely recovered. WBC and RBC responsible for your immunity are flushed back into your system.

Originally published at https://www.thebioquick.com.